Creative Character Construct Model of Elementary School Students: Meta-Synthesis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51454/jet.v7i2.959Keywords:
Creative character, elementary school students, meta-synthesis, confirmatory factor analysisAbstract
This study aims to test the suitability of a creativity character construct model for elementary school students within the Pancasila Student Profile Project. A quantitative approach was applied to public elementary school students in Baubau City, supported by a meta-synthesis to strengthen the conceptual foundation. Findings reveal that students’ creativity develops more effectively through direct experience, idea exploration, and engagement in contextual tasks rather than passive learning. Practice-based indicators are more dominant than abstract ones. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, showing a good model fit. All indicators were found to contribute significantly to the construct, with the highest contribution coming from the ability to create handicrafts from recycled materials and the lowest contribution from adaptability. These findings confirm that students’ creativity is contextual in nature and deeply rooted in authentic, real-life experiences. This study contributes to creativity theory by proposing an empirically validated and practice-oriented construct of creative character, highlighting the importance of strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project within primary education.
Downloads
References
Agata, T., & Jinno, S. (2022). Developing University Students’ Creativity through Participation in Art Projects. In Arts, Creativities, and Learning Environments in Global Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004514140_008
Alfian, S. Y. (2017). Multiperspektif Dalam Matapelajaran Sejarah: Langkah Nyata Menghargai Kebhinekaan di Luar Kelas. Sejarah Dan Budaya : Jurnal Sejarah, Budaya, Dan Pengajarannya. https://doi.org/10.17977/um020v11i22017p199
Annafi, U., Ihsan, H., Wyandini, D. Z., & Amawidyati, S. A. G. (2023). Reliabilitas Dan Validitas Konstruk Alat Ukur Generic Conspiracist Beliefs (GCB) Versi Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah.
Arina Wulandari. (2025). Building Children’s Creativity Through Short Story Writing Instruction in Elementary Schools. Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Education. https://doi.org/10.64690/jhuse.v1i1.19
Asa Utami Sallewatang, Syamsuardi, Fitriani Dzulfadhilah, & Angri Lismayani. (2025). Pengaruh Project Based Learning Melalui Kegiatan Daur Ulang Terhadap Kreativitas Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. Jurnal Kajian Anak (J-Sanak). https://doi.org/10.24127/j-sanak.v6i02.8924
Balogun, H., Alaka, H., Ajayi, S., & Egwim, C. N. (2024). Critical factors for assessing building deconstructability: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 21, 100790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102487
Beghetto, R. A., & Kaufman, J. C. (2014). Classroom contexts for creativity. High Ability Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598139.2014.905247
Bell, S. (2010). Project-based learning for the 21st century: Skills for the future. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 83(2), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098650903505415
Bergkvist, L., & Rossiter, J. R. (2007). The predictive validity of multiple-item versus single-item measures of the same constructs. Journal of Marketing Research, 44(2), 175–184.
Bergkvist, L., & Rossiter, J. R. (2009). Tailor-made single-item measures of doubly concrete constructs. International Journal of Advertising, 28(4), 607–621.
Brown, T. A., & Moore, M. T. (2012). Confirmatory factor analysis. Handbook of structural equation modeling, 361(2012), 379.
Cahyani, I., Nurhadi, J., & Mentari. (2023). Enhancing writing skills and language creativity through the plus-minus-interesting technique: A case study at the primary school level. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v13i1.58257
Çebi, S. (2025). From Waste to Art: A Study on Student Creativity and Creative Expression through Recycled Materials in Art Education. Art Vision. https://doi.org/10.32547/artvision.1542477
Choi, Y., Choi, H., Kim, K., & Cho, B. (2016). Creativity-character element analysis by organic fusion of creativity and character. International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering. https://doi.org/10.14257/ijmue.2016.11.12.33
Choudhry, F. R., Mani, V., Ming, L. C., & Khan, T. M. (2016). Beliefs and perception about mental health issues: a meta-synthesis. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 2807-2818. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S111543
Cortez, C. S. M., & Montes, J. N. (2025). Corrigendum to “Extracurricular arts: Effects on creativity and academics” [Journal of Creativity Volume 35, Issue 1 (2025) 100094]. Journal of Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjoc.2025.100100
Diamantopoulos, A., Sarstedt, M., Fuchs, C., Wilczynski, P., & Kaiser, S. (2012). Guidelines for choosing between multi-item and single-item scales for construct measurement: A predictive validity perspective. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 434–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0300-3
DiStefano, C., & Hess, B. (2005). Using confirmatory factor analysis for construct validation: An empirical review. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 23(3), 225-241.
Fauziah, M., Marmoah, S., Murwaningsih, T., & Saddhono, K. (2020). The effect of thinking actively in a social context and creative problem-solving learning models on divergent-thinking skills viewed from adversity quotient. In European Journal of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.2.537
González-Pienda, J. A., Núñez, J. C., Álvarez, L., Roces, C., González-Pumariega, S., González, P., Muñiz, R., Valle, A., Cabanach, R. G., Rodríguez, S., & Bernardo, A. (2003). Adaptabilidad y cohesión familiar, implicación parental en conductas autorregulatorias, autoconcepto del estudiante y rendimiento académico. In Psicothema.
Hafizi, Z. (2023). The importance of moral education in the formation of children’s character. IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education). https://doi.org/10.37567/ijgie.v4i2.2527
Hajjina, C. Y. N., & Retnawati, H. (2022). Confirmatory factor analysis to measure self-efficacy and outcome expectation in mathematics learning. AlphaMath: Journal of Mathematics Education, 8(2), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.30595/alphamath.v8i2.12604
Haryono, S.H. (2017). Metode SEM untuk penulisan manajemen: AMOS LISREL PLS. Jakarta Timur: Luxima Metro Media.
He, X., & Wang, Y. (2026). The impact of achievement motivation on creativity tendency of college students: a moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1720648
Holliman, A. J., Sheriston, L., Martin, A. J., Collie, R. J., & Sayer, D. (2019). Adaptability: does students’ adjustment to university predict their mid-course academic achievement and satisfaction? Journal of Further and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2018.1491957
Huang, J., Chookhampang, C., & Chano, J. (2025). Teaching model development to enhance the creativity for college students in China. Frontiers in Education. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1598909
Hyusein, G., & Göksun, T. (2024). Give your ideas a hand: the role of iconic hand gestures in enhancing divergent creative thinking. Psychological Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-024-01932-1
Jensen L. & Allen M. (1996) Meta-synthesis of qualitative findings. Qualitative Health Research 6(4), 553–560.
Khilmiyah, A. (2020). The Measurement Model of Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Skills Construction Based on Character Education in Elementary Schools. Computers in Human Behavior.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practices of structural equation modelling (4th ed.), The Guilford Press, New York. In Methodology in the social sciences.
Lu, S. Y., Lo, C. C., & Syu, J. Y. (2022). Project-based learning oriented STEAM: the case of micro–bit paper-cutting lamp. International Journal of Technology and Design Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-021-09714-1
Maulidiana, Y. E. (2021). Implementasi Nilai Karakter Kreatif Dalam Pembelajaran Dalam Jaringan Di Sekolah Dasar. Kognisi : Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar. https://doi.org/10.56393/kognisi.v1i2.323
Mery, M., Martono, M., Halidjah, S., & Hartoyo, A. (2022). Sinergi Peserta Didik dalam Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Jurnal Basicedu. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i5.3617
Mubarok, A. S., Nurazizah, Z., Herawan, E., & Putri, D. P. (2025). Deep Learning with Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Model for Student Creativity. Pedagogia : Jurnal Pendidikan. https://doi.org/10.21070/pedagogia.v14i2.1957
Mustika, R. I., Sobari, T., & Wikanengsih. (2025). The Impact of Guided Writing Strategies Based on Gen-AI and Multimedia on Creative Thinking Skills and Composition Creativity in Short Story Writing. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.7.21
Narikbayeva, L., Klyshbayev, T., Kalimullin, D., & Mochalov, D. (2025). The impact of dance on enhancing social skills and emotional intelligence through creativity. Acta Psychologica. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104736
Nikolaos, N., Arifianto, Y. A., & Triposa, R. (2024). Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa Sekolah Dasar. ELEOS: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen. https://doi.org/10.53814/eleos.v3i2.73
Ningrum, I. W. T., Rahmawati, D., & Andayani, S. (2025). Studi Literatur: Implementasi Model PBL dengan Dukungan Video untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika. Jurnal Penelitian Inovatif. https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.1010
Nye, E., Melendez‐Torres, G. J., & Bonell, C. (2016). Origins, methods and advances in qualitative meta‐synthesis. Review of Education, 4(1), 57-79. DOI: 10.1002/rev3.3065
OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I and II): Country note – Australia. Https://Www.Oecd.Org/En/Publications/Pisa-2022-Results-Volume-i-and-Ii-Country-Notes_ed6fbcc5-En/Australia_e9346d47-En.Html.
Paterson B.L., Thorne S.E., Canam C. & Jillings C. (2001). Meta Study of Qualitative Health Research: A Practical Guide to MetaAnalysis and Meta-
Rahayu, S. T. P., & Widodo, M. (2022). Pengaruh Pemahaman Pendidikan Anti Korupsi Terhadap Sikap Integritas Mahasiswa Pada Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas PGRI Ronggolawe Tuban Tahun Akademik 2021/2022. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat.
Rahayuningsih, S., Sirajuddin, S., & Ikram, M. (2021). Using open-ended problem-solving tests to identify students’ mathematical creative thinking ability. Participatory Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.21.66.8.3
Renato Opertti, C. B. y P. A. (2017). UNESCO 2017. Notas Temáticas No1 • Inclusión En Educación • #CurriculumOnTheMove.
Runco, M. A., & Acar, S. (2012). Divergent thinking as an indicator of creative potential. Creativity Research Journal, 24(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2012.652929
Russ, S. W., & Fiorelli, J. A. (2012). Developmental Approaches to Creativity. In The Cambridge Handbook of Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511763205.015
Ryan, C., James, M., & Hogan, M. (2013). Nurturing creativity in the classroom, edited by R.A. Beghetto and J.C. Kaufman. The Journal of Positive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.733725
S. N. Tashev, A. G. G. (2021). The Role Of “Imagination” In The Process Of “Creative Thinking”.Developing Students’ “Imagination” And “Creative Thinking” Skills In Teaching Physics. Psychology and Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1309
Safitri, A., Wulandari, D., & Herlambang, Y. T. (2022). Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila: Sebuah Orientasi Baru Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa Indonesia. Jurnal Basicedu. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3274
Sihombing, L., Hajar, I., & Sinaga, B. (2022). Development Of Character-Based Problem-Based Learning Model For Improving Creative Thinking Ability Thematic Learning Of Elementary School Students. In Journal of Positive School Psychology.
Singh, H. R., & Devi, L. S. (2021). The Role of Dance Education for Personality Development of Upper Primary School Students. Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research and Education. https://doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v21i2.31634
Sosa, R., & Dijck, M. van. (2022). A Computational Interrogation of “Big-C” and “Little-c” Creativity. Creativity Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2021.1992195
Tabachnick, B.G., Fidell, L.S., Ullman, J.B., 2013. Using Multivariate Statistics, vol. 6. pearson Boston, MA.
Thompson, B., & Daniel, L. G. (1996). Factor analytic evidence for the construct validity of scores: A historical overview and some guidelines. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56, 197-208.
Walsh, D., & Downe, S. (2005). Meta‐synthesis method for qualitative research: a literature review. Journal of advanced nursing, 50(2), 204-211.
Wandari, I. O., & Rohana. (2023). Character Education for Elementary School Students: Creative, Ecological Conscious, and Communicative. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v6i1.57145
Xie, Y. J., Cao, D. P., Sun, T., & Yang, L. Bin. (2019). The effects of academic adaptability on academic burnout, immersion in learning, and academic performance among Chinese medical students: A cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1640-9
Xu, S., Reiss, M. J., & Lodge, W. (2025). Comprehensive Scientific Creativity Assessment (C-SCA): A New Approach for Measuring Scientific Creativity in Secondary School Students. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-024-10469-z
Yao, S., Ghazali, R., Hou, J., & Wang, X. (2024). The Aesthetics Of Sustainability: Incorporating Plastic Recycling Into Art And Design Education. International Journal of Modern Education. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijmoe.621001
Zhu, S., & Leng, X. (2025). Mental health and creativity in university students: a multidimensional mediation model of cognition, emotion, and motivation. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1647823
Zimmer, L. (2006). Qualitative meta‐synthesis: a question of dialoguing with texts. Journal of advanced nursing, 53(3), 311-318.
Zulfa, A., Indasari, N. L., & Ummah, F. (2025). Ecobrick as a Sustainable Lifestyle Implementation in Shaping Students’ Creativity and Environmental Care. EDUCARE: Journal of Primary Education. https://doi.org/10.35719/educare.v6i1.301
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurmin Aminu, Hijrawatil Aswat, Kamarudin Kamarudin, Gawise Gawise, Betwan Betwan, Abdul Manaf
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
