Development of the SMART-TPACK Model: An AI-Integrated Instructional Framework for Enhancing Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Cognitive Competence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51454/jet.v7i3.949Keywords:
artificial intelligence, cognitive competency, prospective mathematics teachers, SMART-TPACKAbstract
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped mathematics teacher education, requiring pre-service teachers to integrate technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge within AI-supported learning environments. Although the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has been widely adopted, existing studies have primarily emphasized competency assessment rather than developing validated instructional models that systematically integrate AI into mathematics teacher education. This study addresses this gap by developing and validating the SMART-TPACK (Systematic Model for AI-Responsive Teaching with TPACK) instructional model to enhance the mathematical cognitive competence of pre-service mathematics teachers. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach consisting of needs analysis, model design, expert validation, model revision, limited implementation, and effectiveness testing. Data were collected through observations, interviews, document analysis, expert validation sheets, cognitive competency tests, classroom observations, and student response questionnaires. The effectiveness of the model was evaluated using a quasi-experimental design involving experimental and control groups. The findings indicate that the SMART-TPACK model is theoretically valid, practically feasible, and effective in improving students’ mathematical cognitive competence.
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